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Light is a form of energy that travels as waves of oscillations. In the physics laboratory, light is conventionally passed through a process called optical filtering, where it is divided by colors and/or wavelengths before being analyzed. This paper discusses the results of experiments conducted on the effects outside optics had on light passing through a particular type of filter-the diffraction grating. It also explores how this experiment furthers knowledge about the diffraction effect and how it has been utilized in various fields such as telescopes, holography, laser technology and photography. A refracted semi-transparent medium is required for the diffraction of light to occur. A diffraction grating is an example of such a medium, but many objects can act as diffractors. A common example is soap bubbles, which results in these beads of light creating small rainbows when passed through certain substances like oil or alcohol. The properties of the prism dispersion depends on the angle that the light waves hit each surface of the prism. Generally, there are two types of dispersion; "uniform" and "special". The uniform dispersion shows multiple colors (usually red, green and blue) while special dispersion has only one color (i.e., orange). The prism dispersion has been extensively studied by the use of diffraction gratings. It is clear that the arrival times of light in a given direction depends on the index of refraction and phase velocity in certain way. The angle between two waves with different frequencies and different phase velocities gives rise to a constructive or destructive interference. The relative angle is known as the wave vector (or wave vector and group velocity). Wave lengths can be measured when one plot their position in space against time; when these two values are plotted it becomes possible to measure the wavelength. If this plot is taken in a graph it becomes visible that there are multiple wavelengths for each color, these are called “colors”. If one can see with the naked eye, there are 7 colors; red, orange, yellow, green blue, indigo and violet. The term “diffraction” describes the behavior of light when it encounters an obstacle. The light behaves as waves (a phenomenon called “wave diffraction”) and travels with a certain degree of regularity; it can be bent out of its original path. The degree to which this occurs depends on the wavelength of the light (the shorter/higher frequency waves are more diffracted than long/low frequency ones). Waves can interact with each other, as well as with obstacles. Interactions of light and sound waves are similar, producing something called “interference”. Light can constructively or destructively interfere with itself, depending on its wavelengths and phase velocity (the speed at which the wave is traveling). There is a relative angle between waves; if their phase velocities and wavelengths match up correctly (i.e., the waves are in step) they form a constructive interference: this produces a bright line on our image or an increase in brightness if observed by our eyes. Destructive interference occurs when the phase velocities of the waves do not correspond to their wavelengths (i.e. eccc085e13
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